mdBook supports math equations through MathJax.

However the normal method for indication math equations with $$ does not work (yet?).

To indicate an inline equation \( \int x = \frac{x^2}{2} \) use

\\( \int x = \frac{x^2}{2} \\)

To indicate a block equation

\[ \mu = \frac{1}{N} \sum_{i=0} x_i \]

use

\\[ \mu = \frac{1}{N} \sum_{i=0} x_i \\]